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Uveitis: causes, symptoms, and treatment
With such features as can cause blindness, the disease occurs at all ages and especially the cause is unknown, making uveitis a dangerous disease that directly threatens the vision of any person. Who.
What is uveitis?
According to the structure of the eye, the uvea consists of three parts: the iris, the ciliary body, and the choroid. It is also home to many blood vessels, chi phí chữa bệnh trĩ tphcm, including the veins and arteries that carry blood to the eye.
Uveitis is inflammation anywhere in the pigmented layer inside the eye (the uvea). The disease can affect the lens, retina, and optic nerves.
Structure of the uvea
The uvea consists of three structures: the iris, the ciliary body, and the choroid.
Iris: the colored ring around the black pupil, which opens and closes to let more or less light into the eye, like a shutter in a camera.
The ciliary body is a collection of muscles that, by contracting, allow the lens to become thicker so that the eye can focus on nearby objects. When dilated, the ciliary body helps thin the lens so that the eye can focus on distant objects. This process is called regulation.
Choroid: extends from the edge of the ciliary body to the optic nerve at the back of the eye. The choroid is located between the retina on the inside and the sclera on the outside. The choroid contains both pigment cells and the blood vessels that nourish the inner parts of the eye, especially the retina.
Classification of uveitis
Part or all of the uvea may become inflamed. Inflammation limited to a part of the uvea is named for its location:
Anterior uveitis is inflammation in the front of the uvea, including the iris.
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Medial uveitis is inflammation in the middle of the uvea and usually involves the egg white-like substance that fills the eyeball (called the vitreous body).
Posterior uveitis is inflammation at the back of the uvea and can involve the retina and choroid.
Pan-uveitis is inflammation that affects the entire uvea.
Out of the 4 types of uveitis, 3 types of uveitis are medial, posterior, and total uveitis, which can cause more serious complications than anterior uveitis.
Uveitis is sometimes referred to by the name of the specific part of the inflamed tendon, such as iritis, choroiditis, etc. Uveitis is limited to one eye in many people, but can involve both eyes. .
Causes of uveitis in the eye
The causes of uveitis may be limited to the eyes or due to disorders affecting the entire body including the eyes. Most people with the disease have no known cause (called idiopathic uveitis or uveitis of unknown cause).
Many people with uveitis are accompanied by organ dysfunction elsewhere in the body. These include inflammatory diseases, such as Behçet's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, sarcoidosis, reactive arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis). ), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.
Some people have widespread infections, such as tuberculosis, syphilis, or Lyme disease.
Other possible causes include infections that may only affect the eyes, such as herpes infections (caused by the herpes simplex virus), shingles (caused by the varicella-zoster virus), toxoplasmosis, and cytomegalovirus. Cytomegalovirus mainly occurs in people with compromised immune systems, such as those infected with the HIV virus or people taking drugs that suppress the immune system.
Eye trauma is a common cause of anterior uveitis.
Although rare, certain medications (such as pamidronate, rifabutin, sulfonamide antibiotics, cidofovir) can cause uveitis.
