User:Pkhado
Narcolepsy: Causes, Symptom, DIAGNOSIS AND PREVENTION
Narcolepsy is a condition that causes abnormal sleep, which can be misdiagnosed. So what is narcolepsy? What are the causes, symptoms and methods of diagnosing narcolepsy?
Narcolepsy usually begins to show symptoms in the mid-teens, although it's not as common. This is not a life-threatening condition. But episodes of narcolepsy can lead to accidents, injury or even death. In addition, people with narcolepsy also have difficulty studying, working, địa chỉ cắt bao quy đầu quận 1,affecting social relationships, etc.
What is narcolepsy?
Narcolepsy is a brain and nervous system disorder that affects a person's ability to sleep and stay awake. People with narcolepsy will experience intense daytime sleepiness that is uncontrollable. The patient can suddenly fall asleep at any time and during any activity.
In a typical sleep cycle, we enter the early stages of sleep, followed by a deeper stage of sleep. Eventually, after about 90 minutes, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is reached. People with narcolepsy enter REM sleep almost immediately during the sleep cycle, even while they are still awake.
Classification of narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is divided into two main types. Determining which type you have will depend on whether or not you experience cataplexy symptoms, specifically as follows: (2)
Type 1 Type 1 narcolepsy includes a symptom called cataplexy or sudden loss of muscle tone. People with type 1 narcolepsy have periods of extreme sleepiness and cataplexy during the day. This is because the protein hypocretin (orexin) in the brain is at low levels.
Type 2 This is narcolepsy without cataplexy. People with type 2 narcolepsy usually have normal hypocretin levels. Narcolepsy type 2 is also more difficult to diagnose than type 1.
Causes of narcolepsy
Currently, the exact cause of narcolepsy is unknown. However, most people with type 1 narcolepsy experience decreased levels of the protein hypocretin in the brain. One of the functions of hypocretin is to regulate the sleep-wake cycle.
According to scientists, low hypocretin levels can be caused by many factors. It is thought that a genetic mutation, along with the immune system, attacks healthy cells, contributing to narcolepsy. Besides, other factors such as stress, infection, exposure to toxins can also contribute to narcolepsy. In addition, people with the following factors are at increased risk for narcolepsy:
Family history of narcolepsy: If a parent/brother/sibling has narcolepsy, you are 40 times more likely to develop narcolepsy. Age at risk: Narcolepsy is more commonly diagnosed in patients between the ages of 15 and 36. However, it should be noted that narcolepsy is often undiagnosed and easily misdiagnosed. Previous brain injury: A small number of people will experience narcolepsy after severe trauma to the areas of the brain that regulate REM sleep and wakefulness. Brain tumors can also cause narcolepsy. địa chỉ cắt bao quy đầu quận 3
Symptoms of narcolepsy
Narcolepsy can have noticeable effects both at night and during the day with varying intensity and frequency. Here are common narcolepsy symptoms:
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS): EDS is considered the main symptom of narcolepsy, affecting everyone with the condition. EDS involves the urge to feel sleepy that you yourself can feel but cannot resist. EDS frequently arises in monotonous situations. Severe drowsiness causes the patient to lose concentration. Narcolepsy can induce sleepiness, including making you fall asleep without warning. People with narcolepsy often experience temporary refreshment after naps. Autonomous Behaviors: Trying to avoid falling asleep can trigger automatic behaviors that occur without your knowledge. For example, students may continue to write but are actually just scribbling lines on paper. Disrupted nighttime sleep: This condition can appear in people with narcolepsy, waking up many times during the night. Other uncomfortable sleep problems such as sleep apnea and excessive body movement are also more common in people who use sleeping pills. địa chỉ cắt bao quy đầu quận 10 Disjointed sleep: People with narcolepsy feel excessively sleepy during the day but have difficulty falling asleep and/or staying asleep at night. Sleep paralysis: The rate of sleep paralysis is higher in people with narcolepsy. It is the inability to move that occurs during sleep or upon waking. Sleep-related hallucinations: Vivid images may appear during sleep or upon awakening. This condition may be accompanied by sleep paralysis.
